activation.cpp

00001 /*****************************************************************
00002  KWin - the KDE window manager
00003  This file is part of the KDE project.
00004 
00005 Copyright (C) 1999, 2000 Matthias Ettrich <ettrich@kde.org>
00006 Copyright (C) 2003 Lubos Lunak <l.lunak@kde.org>
00007 
00008 You can Freely distribute this program under the GNU General Public
00009 License. See the file "COPYING" for the exact licensing terms.
00010 ******************************************************************/
00011 
00012 /*
00013 
00014  This file contains things relevant to window activation and focus
00015  stealing prevention.
00016 
00017 */
00018 
00019 #include "client.h"
00020 #include "workspace.h"
00021 
00022 #include <fixx11h.h>
00023 #include <qpopupmenu.h>
00024 #include <kxerrorhandler.h>
00025 #include <kstartupinfo.h>
00026 #include <kstringhandler.h>
00027 #include <klocale.h>
00028 
00029 #include "notifications.h"
00030 #include "atoms.h"
00031 #include "group.h"
00032 #include "rules.h"
00033 
00034 extern Time qt_x_time;
00035 
00036 namespace KWinInternal
00037 {
00038 
00039 /*
00040  Prevention of focus stealing:
00041 
00042  KWin tries to prevent unwanted changes of focus, that would result
00043  from mapping a new window. Also, some nasty applications may try
00044  to force focus change even in cases when ICCCM 4.2.7 doesn't allow it
00045  (e.g. they may try to activate their main window because the user
00046  definitely "needs" to see something happened - misusing
00047  of QWidget::setActiveWindow() may be such case).
00048 
00049  There are 4 ways how a window may become active:
00050  - the user changes the active window (e.g. focus follows mouse, clicking
00051    on some window's titlebar) - the change of focus will
00052    be done by KWin, so there's nothing to solve in this case
00053  - the change of active window will be requested using the _NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW
00054    message (handled in RootInfo::changeActiveWindow()) - such requests
00055    will be obeyed, because this request is meant mainly for e.g. taskbar
00056    asking the WM to change the active window as a result of some user action.
00057    Normal applications should use this request only rarely in special cases.
00058    See also below the discussion of _NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW_TRANSFER.
00059  - the change of active window will be done by performing XSetInputFocus()
00060    on a window that's not currently active. ICCCM 4.2.7 describes when
00061    the application may perform change of input focus. In order to handle
00062    misbehaving applications, KWin will try to detect focus changes to
00063    windows that don't belong to currently active application, and restore
00064    focus back to the currently active window, instead of activating the window
00065    that got focus (unfortunately there's no way to FocusChangeRedirect similar
00066    to e.g. SubstructureRedirect, so there will be short time when the focus
00067    will be changed). The check itself that's done is
00068    Workspace::allowClientActivation() (see below).
00069  - a new window will be mapped - this is the most complicated case. If
00070    the new window belongs to the currently active application, it may be safely
00071    mapped on top and activated. The same if there's no active window,
00072    or the active window is the desktop. These checks are done by
00073    Workspace::allowClientActivation().
00074     Following checks need to compare times. One time is the timestamp
00075    of last user action in the currently active window, the other time is
00076    the timestamp of the action that originally caused mapping of the new window
00077    (e.g. when the application was started). If the first time is newer than
00078    the second one, the window will not be activated, as that indicates
00079    futher user actions took place after the action leading to this new
00080    mapped window. This check is done by Workspace::allowClientActivation().
00081     There are several ways how to get the timestamp of action that caused
00082    the new mapped window (done in Client::readUserTimeMapTimestamp()) :
00083      - the window may have the _NET_WM_USER_TIME property. This way
00084        the application may either explicitly request that the window is not
00085        activated (by using 0 timestamp), or the property contains the time
00086        of last user action in the application.
00087      - KWin itself tries to detect time of last user action in every window,
00088        by watching KeyPress and ButtonPress events on windows. This way some
00089        events may be missed (if they don't propagate to the toplevel window),
00090        but it's good as a fallback for applications that don't provide
00091        _NET_WM_USER_TIME, and missing some events may at most lead
00092        to unwanted focus stealing.
00093      - the timestamp may come from application startup notification.
00094        Application startup notification, if it exists for the new mapped window,
00095        should include time of the user action that caused it.
00096      - if there's no timestamp available, it's checked whether the new window
00097        belongs to some already running application - if yes, the timestamp
00098        will be 0 (i.e. refuse activation)
00099      - if the window is from session restored window, the timestamp will
00100        be 0 too, unless this application was the active one at the time
00101        when the session was saved, in which case the window will be
00102        activated if there wasn't any user interaction since the time
00103        KWin was started.
00104      - as the last resort, the _KDE_NET_USER_CREATION_TIME timestamp
00105        is used. For every toplevel window that is created (see CreateNotify
00106        handling), this property is set to the at that time current time.
00107        Since at this time it's known that the new window doesn't belong
00108        to any existing application (better said, the application doesn't
00109        have any other window mapped), it is either the very first window
00110        of the application, or its the only window of the application
00111        that was hidden before. The latter case is handled by removing
00112        the property from windows before withdrawing them, making
00113        the timestamp empty for next mapping of the window. In the sooner
00114        case, the timestamp will be used. This helps in case when
00115        an application is launched without application startup notification,
00116        it creates its mainwindow, and starts its initialization (that
00117        may possibly take long time). The timestamp used will be older
00118        than any user action done after launching this application.
00119      - if no timestamp is found at all, the window is activated.
00120     The check whether two windows belong to the same application (same
00121    process) is done in Client::belongToSameApplication(). Not 100% reliable,
00122    but hopefully 99,99% reliable.
00123 
00124  As a somewhat special case, window activation is always enabled when
00125  session saving is in progress. When session saving, the session
00126  manager allows only one application to interact with the user.
00127  Not allowing window activation in such case would result in e.g. dialogs
00128  not becoming active, so focus stealing prevention would cause here
00129  more harm than good.
00130 
00131  Windows that attempted to become active but KWin prevented this will
00132  be marked as demanding user attention. They'll get
00133  the _NET_WM_STATE_DEMANDS_ATTENTION state, and the taskbar should mark
00134  them specially (blink, etc.). The state will be reset when the window
00135  eventually really becomes active.
00136 
00137  There are one more ways how a window can become obstrusive, window stealing
00138  focus: By showing above the active window, by either raising itself,
00139  or by moving itself on the active desktop.
00140      - KWin will refuse raising non-active window above the active one,
00141          unless they belong to the same application. Applications shouldn't
00142          raise their windows anyway (unless the app wants to raise one
00143          of its windows above another of its windows).
00144      - KWin activates windows moved to the current desktop (as that seems
00145          logical from the user's point of view, after sending the window
00146          there directly from KWin, or e.g. using pager). This means
00147          applications shouldn't send their windows to another desktop
00148          (SELI TODO - but what if they do?)
00149 
00150  Special cases I can think of:
00151     - konqueror reusing, i.e. kfmclient tells running Konqueror instance
00152         to open new window
00153         - without focus stealing prevention - no problem
00154         - with ASN (application startup notification) - ASN is forwarded,
00155             and because it's newer than the instance's user timestamp,
00156             it takes precedence
00157         - without ASN - user timestamp needs to be reset, otherwise it would
00158             be used, and it's old; moreover this new window mustn't be detected
00159             as window belonging to already running application, or it wouldn't
00160             be activated - see Client::sameAppWindowRoleMatch() for the (rather ugly)
00161             hack
00162     - konqueror preloading, i.e. window is created in advance, and kfmclient
00163         tells this Konqueror instance to show it later
00164         - without focus stealing prevention - no problem
00165         - with ASN - ASN is forwarded, and because it's newer than the instance's
00166             user timestamp, it takes precedence
00167         - without ASN - user timestamp needs to be reset, otherwise it would
00168             be used, and it's old; also, creation timestamp is changed to
00169             the time the instance starts (re-)initializing the window,
00170             this ensures creation timestamp will still work somewhat even in this case
00171     - KUniqueApplication - when the window is already visible, and the new instance
00172         wants it to activate
00173         - without focus stealing prevention - _NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW - no problem
00174         - with ASN - ASN is forwarded, and set on the already visible window, KWin
00175             treats the window as new with that ASN
00176         - without ASN - _NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW as application request is used,
00177                 and there's no really usable timestamp, only timestamp
00178                 from the time the (new) application instance was started,
00179                 so KWin will activate the window *sigh*
00180                 - the bad thing here is that there's absolutely no chance to recognize
00181                     the case of starting this KUniqueApp from Konsole (and thus wanting
00182                     the already visible window to become active) from the case
00183                     when something started this KUniqueApp without ASN (in which case
00184                     the already visible window shouldn't become active)
00185                 - the only solution is using ASN for starting applications, at least silent
00186                     (i.e. without feedback)
00187     - when one application wants to activate another application's window (e.g. KMail
00188         activating already running KAddressBook window ?)
00189         - without focus stealing prevention - _NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW - no problem
00190         - with ASN - can't be here, it's the KUniqueApp case then
00191         - without ASN - _NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW as application request should be used,
00192             KWin will activate the new window depending on the timestamp and
00193             whether it belongs to the currently active application
00194 
00195  _NET_ACTIVE_WINDOW usage:
00196  data.l[0]= 1 ->app request
00197           = 2 ->pager request
00198           = 0 - backwards compatibility
00199  data.l[1]= timestamp
00200 */
00201 
00202 
00203 //****************************************
00204 // Workspace
00205 //****************************************
00206 
00207 
00216 void Workspace::setActiveClient( Client* c, allowed_t )
00217     {
00218     if ( active_client == c )
00219         return;
00220     if( active_popup && active_popup_client != c && set_active_client_recursion == 0 ) 
00221         closeActivePopup();
00222     StackingUpdatesBlocker blocker( this );
00223     ++set_active_client_recursion;
00224     updateFocusMousePosition( QCursor::pos());
00225     if( active_client != NULL )
00226         { // note that this may call setActiveClient( NULL ), therefore the recursion counter
00227         active_client->setActive( false, !c || !c->isModal() || c != active_client->transientFor() );
00228         }
00229     active_client = c;
00230     Q_ASSERT( c == NULL || c->isActive());
00231     if( active_client != NULL )
00232         last_active_client = active_client;
00233     if ( active_client ) 
00234         {
00235         updateFocusChains( active_client, FocusChainMakeFirst );
00236         active_client->demandAttention( false );
00237         }
00238     pending_take_activity = NULL;
00239 
00240     updateCurrentTopMenu();
00241     updateToolWindows( false );
00242     if( c )
00243         disableGlobalShortcutsForClient( c->rules()->checkDisableGlobalShortcuts( false ));
00244     else
00245         disableGlobalShortcutsForClient( false );
00246 
00247     updateStackingOrder(); // e.g. fullscreens have different layer when active/not-active
00248 
00249     rootInfo->setActiveWindow( active_client? active_client->window() : 0 );
00250     updateColormap();
00251     --set_active_client_recursion;
00252     }
00253 
00265 void Workspace::activateClient( Client* c, bool force )
00266     {
00267     if( c == NULL )
00268         {
00269         focusToNull();
00270         setActiveClient( NULL, Allowed );
00271         return;
00272         }
00273     raiseClient( c );
00274     if (!c->isOnDesktop(currentDesktop()) )
00275         {
00276         ++block_focus;
00277         setCurrentDesktop( c->desktop() );
00278         --block_focus;
00279         }
00280     if( c->isMinimized())
00281         c->unminimize();
00282 
00283 // TODO force should perhaps allow this only if the window already contains the mouse
00284     if( options->focusPolicyIsReasonable() || force )
00285         requestFocus( c, force );
00286 
00287     // Don't update user time for clients that have focus stealing workaround.
00288     // As they usually belong to the current active window but fail to provide
00289     // this information, updating their user time would make the user time
00290     // of the currently active window old, and reject further activation for it.
00291     // E.g. typing URL in minicli which will show kio_uiserver dialog (with workaround),
00292     // and then kdesktop shows dialog about SSL certificate.
00293     // This needs also avoiding user creation time in Client::readUserTimeMapTimestamp().
00294     if( !c->ignoreFocusStealing())
00295         c->updateUserTime();
00296     }
00297 
00305 void Workspace::requestFocus( Client* c, bool force )
00306     {
00307     takeActivity( c, ActivityFocus | ( force ? ActivityFocusForce : 0 ), false);
00308     }
00309     
00310 void Workspace::takeActivity( Client* c, int flags, bool handled )
00311     {
00312      // the 'if( c == active_client ) return;' optimization mustn't be done here
00313     if (!focusChangeEnabled() && ( c != active_client) )
00314         flags &= ~ActivityFocus;
00315 
00316     if ( !c ) 
00317         {
00318         focusToNull();
00319         return;
00320         }
00321 
00322     if( flags & ActivityFocus )
00323         {
00324         Client* modal = c->findModal();
00325         if( modal != NULL && modal != c )   
00326             { 
00327             if( !modal->isOnDesktop( c->desktop()))
00328                 {
00329                 modal->setDesktop( c->desktop());
00330                 if( modal->desktop() != c->desktop()) // forced desktop
00331                     activateClient( modal );
00332                 }
00333             // if the click was inside the window (i.e. handled is set),
00334             // but it has a modal, there's no need to use handled mode, because
00335             // the modal doesn't get the click anyway
00336             // raising of the original window needs to be still done
00337             if( flags & ActivityRaise )
00338                 raiseClient( c );
00339             c = modal;
00340             handled = false;
00341             }
00342         cancelDelayFocus();
00343         }
00344     if ( !( flags & ActivityFocusForce ) && ( c->isTopMenu() || c->isDock() || c->isSplash()) )
00345         flags &= ~ActivityFocus; // toplevel menus and dock windows don't take focus if not forced
00346     if( c->isShade())
00347         {
00348         if( c->wantsInput() && ( flags & ActivityFocus ))
00349             {
00350         // client cannot accept focus, but at least the window should be active (window menu, et. al. )
00351             c->setActive( true );
00352             focusToNull();
00353             }
00354         flags &= ~ActivityFocus;
00355         handled = false; // no point, can't get clicks
00356         }
00357     if( !c->isShown( true )) // shouldn't happen, call activateClient() if needed
00358         {
00359         kdWarning( 1212 ) << "takeActivity: not shown" << endl;
00360         return;
00361         }
00362     c->takeActivity( flags, handled, Allowed );
00363     }
00364 
00365 void Workspace::handleTakeActivity( Client* c, Time /*timestamp*/, int flags )
00366     {
00367     if( pending_take_activity != c ) // pending_take_activity is reset when doing restack or activation
00368         return;
00369     if(( flags & ActivityRaise ) != 0 )
00370         raiseClient( c );
00371     if(( flags & ActivityFocus ) != 0 && c->isShown( false ))
00372         c->takeFocus( Allowed );
00373     pending_take_activity = NULL;
00374     }
00375 
00383 void Workspace::clientHidden( Client* c )
00384     {
00385     assert( !c->isShown( true ) || !c->isOnCurrentDesktop());
00386     activateNextClient( c );
00387     }
00388 
00389 // deactivates 'c' and activates next client
00390 bool Workspace::activateNextClient( Client* c )
00391     {
00392     // if 'c' is not the active or the to-become active one, do nothing
00393     if( !( c == active_client
00394             || ( should_get_focus.count() > 0 && c == should_get_focus.last())))
00395         return false;
00396     closeActivePopup();
00397     if( c != NULL )
00398         {
00399         if( c == active_client )
00400             setActiveClient( NULL, Allowed );
00401         should_get_focus.remove( c );
00402         }
00403     if( focusChangeEnabled())
00404         {
00405         if ( options->focusPolicyIsReasonable())
00406             { // search the focus_chain for a client to transfer focus to
00407               // if 'c' is transient, transfer focus to the first suitable mainwindow
00408             Client* get_focus = NULL;
00409             const ClientList mainwindows = ( c != NULL ? c->mainClients() : ClientList());
00410             for( ClientList::ConstIterator it = focus_chain[currentDesktop()].fromLast();
00411                  it != focus_chain[currentDesktop()].end();
00412                  --it )
00413                 {
00414                 if( !(*it)->isShown( false ) || !(*it)->isOnCurrentDesktop())
00415                     continue;
00416                 if( mainwindows.contains( *it ))
00417                     {
00418                     get_focus = *it;
00419                     break;
00420                     }
00421                 if( get_focus == NULL )
00422                     get_focus = *it;
00423                 }
00424             if( get_focus == NULL )
00425                 get_focus = findDesktop( true, currentDesktop());
00426             if( get_focus != NULL )
00427                 requestFocus( get_focus );
00428             else
00429                 focusToNull();
00430             }
00431             else
00432                 return false;
00433         }
00434     else
00435         // if blocking focus, move focus to the desktop later if needed
00436         // in order to avoid flickering
00437         focusToNull();
00438     return true;
00439     }
00440 
00441 
00442 void Workspace::gotFocusIn( const Client* c )
00443     {
00444     if( should_get_focus.contains( const_cast< Client* >( c )))
00445         { // remove also all sooner elements that should have got FocusIn,
00446       // but didn't for some reason (and also won't anymore, because they were sooner)
00447         while( should_get_focus.first() != c )
00448             should_get_focus.pop_front();
00449         should_get_focus.pop_front(); // remove 'c'
00450         }
00451     }
00452 
00453 void Workspace::setShouldGetFocus( Client* c )
00454     {
00455     should_get_focus.append( c );
00456     updateStackingOrder(); // e.g. fullscreens have different layer when active/not-active
00457     }
00458 
00459 // focus_in -> the window got FocusIn event
00460 // session_active -> the window was active when saving session
00461 bool Workspace::allowClientActivation( const Client* c, Time time, bool focus_in )
00462     {
00463     // options->focusStealingPreventionLevel :
00464     // 0 - none    - old KWin behaviour, new windows always get focus
00465     // 1 - low     - focus stealing prevention is applied normally, when unsure, activation is allowed
00466     // 2 - normal  - focus stealing prevention is applied normally, when unsure, activation is not allowed,
00467     //              this is the default
00468     // 3 - high    - new window gets focus only if it belongs to the active application,
00469     //              or when no window is currently active
00470     // 4 - extreme - no window gets focus without user intervention
00471     if( time == -1U )
00472         time = c->userTime();
00473     int level = c->rules()->checkFSP( options->focusStealingPreventionLevel );
00474     if( session_saving && level <= 2 ) // <= normal
00475         {
00476         return true;
00477         }
00478     Client* ac = mostRecentlyActivatedClient();
00479     if( focus_in )
00480         {
00481         if( should_get_focus.contains( const_cast< Client* >( c )))
00482             return true; // FocusIn was result of KWin's action
00483         // Before getting FocusIn, the active Client already
00484         // got FocusOut, and therefore got deactivated.
00485         ac = last_active_client;
00486         }
00487     if( time == 0 ) // explicitly asked not to get focus
00488         return false;
00489     if( level == 0 ) // none
00490         return true;
00491     if( level == 4 ) // extreme
00492         return false;
00493     if( !c->isOnCurrentDesktop())
00494         return false; // allow only with level == 0
00495     if( c->ignoreFocusStealing())
00496         return true;
00497     if( ac == NULL || ac->isDesktop())
00498         {
00499 //        kdDebug( 1212 ) << "Activation: No client active, allowing" << endl;
00500         return true; // no active client -> always allow
00501         }
00502     // TODO window urgency  -> return true?
00503     if( Client::belongToSameApplication( c, ac, true ))
00504         {
00505 //        kdDebug( 1212 ) << "Activation: Belongs to active application" << endl;
00506         return true;
00507         }
00508     if( level == 3 ) // high
00509         return false;
00510     if( time == -1U )  // no time known
00511         {
00512 //        kdDebug( 1212 ) << "Activation: No timestamp at all" << endl;
00513         if( level == 1 ) // low
00514             return true;
00515         // no timestamp at all, don't activate - because there's also creation timestamp
00516         // done on CreateNotify, this case should happen only in case application
00517         // maps again already used window, i.e. this won't happen after app startup
00518         return false; 
00519         }
00520     // level == 2 // normal
00521     Time user_time = ac->userTime();
00522 //    kdDebug( 1212 ) << "Activation, compared:" << c << ":" << time << ":" << user_time
00523 //        << ":" << ( timestampCompare( time, user_time ) >= 0 ) << endl;
00524     return timestampCompare( time, user_time ) >= 0; // time >= user_time
00525     }
00526 
00527 // basically the same like allowClientActivation(), this time allowing
00528 // a window to be fully raised upon its own request (XRaiseWindow),
00529 // if refused, it will be raised only on top of windows belonging
00530 // to the same application
00531 bool Workspace::allowFullClientRaising( const Client* c, Time time )
00532     {
00533     int level = c->rules()->checkFSP( options->focusStealingPreventionLevel );
00534     if( session_saving && level <= 2 ) // <= normal
00535         {
00536         return true;
00537         }
00538     Client* ac = mostRecentlyActivatedClient();
00539     if( level == 0 ) // none
00540         return true;
00541     if( level == 4 ) // extreme
00542         return false;
00543     if( ac == NULL || ac->isDesktop())
00544         {
00545 //        kdDebug( 1212 ) << "Raising: No client active, allowing" << endl;
00546         return true; // no active client -> always allow
00547         }
00548     if( c->ignoreFocusStealing())
00549         return true;
00550     // TODO window urgency  -> return true?
00551     if( Client::belongToSameApplication( c, ac, true ))
00552         {
00553 //        kdDebug( 1212 ) << "Raising: Belongs to active application" << endl;
00554         return true;
00555         }
00556     if( level == 3 ) // high
00557         return false;
00558     Time user_time = ac->userTime();
00559 //    kdDebug( 1212 ) << "Raising, compared:" << time << ":" << user_time
00560 //        << ":" << ( timestampCompare( time, user_time ) >= 0 ) << endl;
00561     return timestampCompare( time, user_time ) >= 0; // time >= user_time
00562     }
00563 
00564 // called from Client after FocusIn that wasn't initiated by KWin and the client
00565 // wasn't allowed to activate
00566 void Workspace::restoreFocus()
00567     {
00568     // this updateXTime() is necessary - as FocusIn events don't have
00569     // a timestamp *sigh*, kwin's timestamp would be older than the timestamp
00570     // that was used by whoever caused the focus change, and therefore
00571     // the attempt to restore the focus would fail due to old timestamp
00572     updateXTime();
00573     if( should_get_focus.count() > 0 )
00574         requestFocus( should_get_focus.last());
00575     else if( last_active_client )
00576         requestFocus( last_active_client );
00577     }
00578 
00579 void Workspace::clientAttentionChanged( Client* c, bool set )
00580     {
00581     if( set )
00582         {
00583         attention_chain.remove( c );
00584         attention_chain.prepend( c );
00585         }
00586     else
00587         attention_chain.remove( c );
00588     }
00589 
00590 // This is used when a client should be shown active immediately after requestFocus(),
00591 // without waiting for the matching FocusIn that will really make the window the active one.
00592 // Used only in special cases, e.g. for MouseActivateRaiseandMove with transparent windows,
00593 bool Workspace::fakeRequestedActivity( Client* c )
00594     {
00595     if( should_get_focus.count() > 0 && should_get_focus.last() == c )
00596         {
00597         if( c->isActive())
00598             return false;
00599         c->setActive( true );
00600         return true;
00601         }
00602     return false;
00603     }
00604 
00605 void Workspace::unfakeActivity( Client* c )
00606     {
00607     if( should_get_focus.count() > 0 && should_get_focus.last() == c )
00608         { // TODO this will cause flicker, and probably is not needed
00609         if( last_active_client != NULL )
00610             last_active_client->setActive( true );
00611         else
00612             c->setActive( false );
00613         }
00614     }
00615 
00616 
00617 //********************************************
00618 // Client
00619 //********************************************
00620 
00627 void Client::updateUserTime( Time time )
00628     { // copied in Group::updateUserTime
00629     if( time == CurrentTime )
00630         time = qt_x_time;
00631     if( time != -1U
00632         && ( user_time == CurrentTime
00633             || timestampCompare( time, user_time ) > 0 )) // time > user_time
00634         user_time = time;
00635     group()->updateUserTime( user_time );
00636     }
00637 
00638 Time Client::readUserCreationTime() const
00639     {
00640     long result = -1; // Time == -1 means none
00641     Atom type;
00642     int format, status;
00643     unsigned long nitems = 0;
00644     unsigned long extra = 0;
00645     unsigned char *data = 0;
00646     KXErrorHandler handler; // ignore errors?
00647     status = XGetWindowProperty( qt_xdisplay(), window(),
00648         atoms->kde_net_wm_user_creation_time, 0, 10000, FALSE, XA_CARDINAL,
00649         &type, &format, &nitems, &extra, &data );
00650     if (status  == Success )
00651         {
00652         if (data && nitems > 0)
00653             result = *((long*) data);
00654         XFree(data);
00655         }
00656     return result;       
00657     }
00658 
00659 void Client::demandAttention( bool set )
00660     {
00661     if( isActive())
00662         set = false;
00663     if( demands_attention == set )
00664         return;
00665     demands_attention = set;
00666     if( demands_attention )
00667         {
00668         // Demand attention flag is often set right from manage(), when focus stealing prevention
00669         // steps in. At that time the window has no taskbar entry yet, so KNotify cannot place
00670         // e.g. the passive popup next to it. So wait up to 1 second for the icon geometry
00671         // to be set.
00672         // Delayed call to KNotify also solves the problem of having X server grab in manage(),
00673         // which may deadlock when KNotify (or KLauncher when launching KNotify) need to access X.
00674         Notify::Event e = isOnCurrentDesktop() ? Notify::DemandAttentionCurrent : Notify::DemandAttentionOther;
00675         // Setting the demands attention state needs to be done directly in KWin, because
00676         // KNotify would try to set it, resulting in a call to KNotify again, etc.
00677         if( Notify::makeDemandAttention( e ))
00678             info->setState( set ? NET::DemandsAttention : 0, NET::DemandsAttention );
00679 
00680         if( demandAttentionKNotifyTimer == NULL )
00681             {
00682             demandAttentionKNotifyTimer = new QTimer( this );
00683             connect( demandAttentionKNotifyTimer, SIGNAL( timeout()), SLOT( demandAttentionKNotify()));
00684             }
00685         demandAttentionKNotifyTimer->start( 1000, true );
00686         }
00687     else
00688         info->setState( set ? NET::DemandsAttention : 0, NET::DemandsAttention );
00689     workspace()->clientAttentionChanged( this, set );
00690     }
00691 
00692 void Client::demandAttentionKNotify()
00693     {
00694     Notify::Event e = isOnCurrentDesktop() ? Notify::DemandAttentionCurrent : Notify::DemandAttentionOther;
00695     Notify::raise( e, i18n( "Window '%1' demands attention." ).arg( KStringHandler::csqueeze(caption())), this );
00696     demandAttentionKNotifyTimer->stop();
00697     demandAttentionKNotifyTimer->deleteLater();
00698     demandAttentionKNotifyTimer = NULL;
00699     }
00700 
00701 // TODO I probably shouldn't be lazy here and do it without the macro, so that people can read it
00702 KWIN_COMPARE_PREDICATE( SameApplicationActiveHackPredicate, const Client*,
00703     // ignore already existing splashes, toolbars, utilities, menus and topmenus,
00704     // as the app may show those before the main window
00705     !cl->isSplash() && !cl->isToolbar() && !cl->isTopMenu() && !cl->isUtility() && !cl->isMenu()
00706     && Client::belongToSameApplication( cl, value, true ) && cl != value);
00707 
00708 Time Client::readUserTimeMapTimestamp( const KStartupInfoId* asn_id, const KStartupInfoData* asn_data,
00709     bool session ) const
00710     {
00711     Time time = info->userTime();
00712 //    kdDebug( 1212 ) << "User timestamp, initial:" << time << endl;
00713     // newer ASN timestamp always replaces user timestamp, unless user timestamp is 0
00714     // helps e.g. with konqy reusing
00715     if( asn_data != NULL && time != 0 )
00716         {
00717         // prefer timestamp from ASN id (timestamp from data is obsolete way)
00718         if( asn_id->timestamp() != 0
00719             && ( time == -1U || timestampCompare( asn_id->timestamp(), time ) > 0 ))
00720             {
00721             time = asn_id->timestamp();
00722             }
00723         else if( asn_data->timestamp() != -1U
00724             && ( time == -1U || timestampCompare( asn_data->timestamp(), time ) > 0 ))
00725             {
00726             time = asn_data->timestamp();
00727             }
00728         }
00729 //    kdDebug( 1212 ) << "User timestamp, ASN:" << time << endl;
00730     if( time == -1U )
00731         { // The window doesn't have any timestamp.
00732       // If it's the first window for its application
00733       // (i.e. there's no other window from the same app),
00734       // use the _KDE_NET_WM_USER_CREATION_TIME trick.
00735       // Otherwise, refuse activation of a window
00736       // from already running application if this application
00737       // is not the active one (unless focus stealing prevention is turned off).
00738         Client* act = workspace()->mostRecentlyActivatedClient();
00739         if( act != NULL && !belongToSameApplication( act, this, true ))
00740             {
00741             bool first_window = true;
00742             if( isTransient())
00743                 {
00744                 if( act->hasTransient( this, true ))
00745                     ; // is transient for currently active window, even though it's not
00746                       // the same app (e.g. kcookiejar dialog) -> allow activation
00747                 else if( groupTransient() &&
00748                     findClientInList( mainClients(), SameApplicationActiveHackPredicate( this )) == NULL )
00749                     ; // standalone transient
00750                 else
00751                     first_window = false;
00752                 }
00753             else
00754                 {
00755                 if( workspace()->findClient( SameApplicationActiveHackPredicate( this )))
00756                     first_window = false;
00757                 }
00758             // don't refuse if focus stealing prevention is turned off
00759             if( !first_window && rules()->checkFSP( options->focusStealingPreventionLevel ) > 0 )
00760                 {
00761 //                kdDebug( 1212 ) << "User timestamp, already exists:" << 0 << endl;
00762                 return 0; // refuse activation
00763                 }
00764             }
00765         // Creation time would just mess things up during session startup,
00766         // as possibly many apps are started up at the same time.
00767         // If there's no active window yet, no timestamp will be needed,
00768         // as plain Workspace::allowClientActivation() will return true
00769         // in such case. And if there's already active window,
00770         // it's better not to activate the new one.
00771         // Unless it was the active window at the time
00772         // of session saving and there was no user interaction yet,
00773         // this check will be done in manage().
00774         if( session )
00775             return -1U;
00776         if( ignoreFocusStealing() && act != NULL )
00777             time = act->userTime();
00778         else
00779             time = readUserCreationTime();
00780         }
00781 //    kdDebug( 1212 ) << "User timestamp, final:" << this << ":" << time << endl;
00782     return time;
00783     }
00784 
00785 Time Client::userTime() const
00786     {
00787     Time time = user_time;
00788     if( time == 0 ) // doesn't want focus after showing
00789         return 0;
00790     assert( group() != NULL );
00791     if( time == -1U
00792          || ( group()->userTime() != -1U
00793                  && timestampCompare( group()->userTime(), time ) > 0 ))
00794         time = group()->userTime();
00795     return time;
00796     }
00797 
00809 void Client::setActive( bool act, bool updateOpacity_)
00810     {
00811     if ( active == act )
00812         return;
00813     active = act;
00814     workspace()->setActiveClient( act ? this : NULL, Allowed );
00815     
00816     if (updateOpacity_) updateOpacity();
00817     if (isModal() && transientFor())
00818     {
00819         if (!act) transientFor()->updateOpacity();
00820         else if (!transientFor()->custom_opacity) transientFor()->setOpacity(options->translucentActiveWindows, options->activeWindowOpacity);
00821     }
00822     updateShadowSize();
00823     
00824     if ( active )
00825         Notify::raise( Notify::Activate );
00826 
00827     if( !active )
00828         cancelAutoRaise();
00829 
00830     if( !active && shade_mode == ShadeActivated )
00831         setShade( ShadeNormal );
00832         
00833     StackingUpdatesBlocker blocker( workspace());
00834     workspace()->updateClientLayer( this ); // active windows may get different layer
00835     // TODO optimize? mainClients() may be a bit expensive
00836     ClientList mainclients = mainClients();
00837     for( ClientList::ConstIterator it = mainclients.begin();
00838          it != mainclients.end();
00839          ++it )
00840         if( (*it)->isFullScreen()) // fullscreens go high even if their transient is active
00841             workspace()->updateClientLayer( *it );
00842     if( decoration != NULL )
00843         decoration->activeChange();
00844     updateMouseGrab();
00845     updateUrgency(); // demand attention again if it's still urgent
00846     }
00847 
00848 void Client::startupIdChanged()
00849     {
00850     KStartupInfoId asn_id;
00851     KStartupInfoData asn_data;
00852     bool asn_valid = workspace()->checkStartupNotification( window(), asn_id, asn_data );
00853     if( !asn_valid )
00854         return;
00855     // If the ASN contains desktop, move it to the desktop, otherwise move it to the current
00856     // desktop (since the new ASN should make the window act like if it's a new application
00857     // launched). However don't affect the window's desktop if it's set to be on all desktops.
00858     int desktop = workspace()->currentDesktop();
00859     if( asn_data.desktop() != 0 )
00860         desktop = asn_data.desktop();
00861     if( !isOnAllDesktops())
00862         workspace()->sendClientToDesktop( this, desktop, true );
00863     Time timestamp = asn_id.timestamp();
00864     if( timestamp == 0 && asn_data.timestamp() != -1U )
00865         timestamp = asn_data.timestamp();
00866     if( timestamp != 0 )
00867         {
00868         bool activate = workspace()->allowClientActivation( this, timestamp );
00869         if( asn_data.desktop() != 0 && !isOnCurrentDesktop())
00870             activate = false; // it was started on different desktop than current one
00871         if( activate )
00872             workspace()->activateClient( this );
00873         else
00874             demandAttention();
00875         }
00876     }
00877 
00878 void Client::updateUrgency()
00879     {
00880     if( urgency )
00881         demandAttention();
00882     }
00883 
00884 void Client::shortcutActivated()
00885     {
00886     workspace()->activateClient( this, true ); // force
00887     }
00888 
00889 //****************************************
00890 // Group
00891 //****************************************
00892     
00893 void Group::startupIdChanged()
00894     {
00895     KStartupInfoId asn_id;
00896     KStartupInfoData asn_data;
00897     bool asn_valid = workspace()->checkStartupNotification( leader_wid, asn_id, asn_data );
00898     if( !asn_valid )
00899         return;
00900     if( asn_id.timestamp() != 0 && user_time != -1U
00901         && timestampCompare( asn_id.timestamp(), user_time ) > 0 )
00902         {
00903         user_time = asn_id.timestamp();
00904         }
00905     else if( asn_data.timestamp() != -1U && user_time != -1U
00906         && timestampCompare( asn_data.timestamp(), user_time ) > 0 )
00907         {
00908         user_time = asn_data.timestamp();
00909         }
00910     }
00911 
00912 void Group::updateUserTime( Time time )
00913     { // copy of Client::updateUserTime
00914     if( time == CurrentTime )
00915         time = qt_x_time;
00916     if( time != -1U
00917         && ( user_time == CurrentTime
00918             || timestampCompare( time, user_time ) > 0 )) // time > user_time
00919         user_time = time;
00920     }
00921 
00922 } // namespace
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